Sep 8, 2025 · The diagnostic approach to the patient with hyponatremia will be reviewed here. Many patients with hyponatremia have a single cause, but multiple factors sometimes …

Jul 4, 2024 · The best approach to chronic, asymptomatic hyponatremia is often to provide no specific therapy for the hyponatremia. Instead, the primary focus of therapy should remain the …

Hyponatraemia (Na+ <135mmol/L), an abnormal fall in the plasma-sodium concentration, usually with a simultaneous fall in the plasma osmolality, is not uncommon. Therapy is guided by the …

In general, hyponatremia is treated with fluid restriction (in the setting of euvolemia), isotonic saline (in hypovolemia), and diuresis (in hypervolemia). A combination of these therapies may …

Water balance is regulated by antidiuretic hormone, renal medullary concentrating ability and thirst. Hyponatraemia usually results from retention of water secondary to impairment of free …

The treatment for hyponatremia is chosen on the basis of duration and symptoms. For acute or severely symptomatic hyponatremia, both guidelines adopted the approach of giving a bolus of …

Jun 15, 2025 · Master the essentials of hyponatremia management with this practical, evidence-based guide. Learn when to use saline, desmopressin, and how to monitor sodium safely to …

Jan 9, 2025 · Start prompt diagnostic assessment. Provide cause-specific treatment. Monitor clinical picture and serum sodium concentration closely. Avoid an increase in serum sodium …

Determine appropriate rate of correction of hyponatremia based on clinical scenario. Chronic hyponatremia should be corrected slowly. Rapid correction might be necessary for severe …

Step 1: Rule out non-hypotonic causes. 3. Step 2: Assess severity. Decision: Acute or severe symptoms? 4. Step 3: Urine Osmolality. 5. Step 4: Urine Sodium. → Check if Patient on …